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标题: 【转】不合时宜的问题 关于慈善机构的费用问题 [打印本页]
作者: 童末 时间: 2008-5-21 20:47
标题: 【转】不合时宜的问题 关于慈善机构的费用问题
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">作者汪丁丁：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> http://wang-dingding.blog.sohu.com/<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2008-05-16 | </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">不合时宜的问题</span><font face="Calibri"> </font></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">关于慈善机构的费用问题</span><font face="Calibri"> </font></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">以最大仁厚面对灾民情绪</span><font face="Calibri"> </font></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">国殇之际说慈善</span><font face="Calibri"> </font></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">无声的泪</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">标签：</span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">不希望转载</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">感谢网友“与归”的批评：值此国家和人民蒙受巨大灾难的时刻，人心的安定至为重要。“谣言止于智者”，善良的人总是容易被人利用，汪老师岂可不慎之又慎？一些网友不同意负面报道，我明白，所以自承“不合时宜”，备忘录，各种议论都保存。“与归”指责为假造的那则消息，我无法确证它的真实性，先删除了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">满街都是捐款的，没有人，包括我自己，敢于追问捐来的款怎样交给灾区以及到了灾区又怎样交给受灾者。可是《财经》编辑部的张进来信催问下一期“边缘”的题目了，这让我想到，如此多的捐款本身，已经足够地被主流媒体边缘化了吧？谁解释过它们的去处？有没有一种软件给我们演示那些银行和慈善机构的“捐款路线图”——即善款从我们手里传递至受灾者手里这样一条透明的令人放心的路线图？我们知道国内慈善机构的损耗率极高，或许是全世界最高的，大约在百分之三十以上。我记得多年前胡鞍钢和康晓光的扶贫调查报告里披露过更惊人的数据：每一百元扶贫款只有两元真正交给了贫困户。如此普遍的官场腐败难道突然不见了吗？我觉得很难堪，在这样庄严的场合问了一个如此不庄严的问题。但是，难道不应追问吗？我查阅过西方国家的慈善机构的损耗率，我估计美国的慈善组织的损耗率普遍低于百分之十，或许更低，因为那里运作善款的人，这一点特别重要，那些运作善款的人往往是志愿者，他们或许来自宗教界，或许是热血青年，或许是富家子弟，或许是退休老人，总之，他们多数人只需要一些奉献爱心的机会。国内的慈善机构，我是指最著名的那些机构，多年前已经有至少一家，被媒体披露存在严重腐败，那场官司至今未了结。自从我心里发生了如上这样的不合时宜的疑问之后，每一次见到捐款的或电视上广播捐款热线号码的时候，我都会留神听着，希望听到关于款项的传递路线的哪怕一丝丝说明。我承认我已经不是“愤青”的年龄况且我过去若干年始终在国内生活，所以我已经比较地老谋深算了，不合时宜但老谋深算。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2008-05-16 11:06:48 </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 来自</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">: ViCC.ego(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">睡教徒</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">) (</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">上海</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">From Twitter: <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">ECHO @ivane Retweeting @quanmengli: Re: @lzyy </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">听一朋友说，他朋友的妈妈在红十字会，每次有捐款，那帮人就买车买房</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">ECHO @shizhao: from @wisicn: </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">怪不得大陆的慈善机构要求现金而不愿意要实物，原来对收到的现金他们可以提取不大于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">6.5%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的管理费，对实物一分钱留不下来，还要花力气整理运输打包消毒等等</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">ECHO </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">昨天中午看到总理了。仿佛老了许多。总理在学校废墟上面。搬着石头。不是作锈。满脸眼泪。我看到总理哭了。让我愤恨的是。为什么身边几个陪同的年轻的专员。无一伸手。为什么？？？</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">http://www.douban.com/group/topic/3204482/ <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 光捐了錢，可是，現在糧食、水、燃料，不受災的地區物資要籌備也不容易，你現在光有錢哪裡買物資過去？即使買了物資怎么運過去？——由此，只接受捐款這一條件大有深意</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">中国有不收管理费的慈善机构吗？</span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">会员</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>dongm777<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">发帖于</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">生活客栈</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>2008-05-17<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">评论</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">0</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">条</span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">浏览</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">0IP </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">因为考虑善款捐助的问题，我们和中国红十字会进行了接触，对方给我们的答复是——红十字会没有就四川地震设立专项资金！这就是说，所有的善款统一交由红十字会管理，现在粗算下来，新浪上公布的那些企业捐助，也有个几十亿了吧？如果都交给红十字会，谁能保证这些钱是否真的都送到了灾区？？？</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">最可气的是——他们从中要抽取</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的基金管理费。慈善机构需要抽取一定比例的基金管理费，作为救助的日常开销。这个无可厚非，毕竟很多偏远地带的救助都需要成本，更何况汶川地震这种严重灾区了。但是！但是！！不能比例这么高！！！现在的救助政府承担了大部分的费用，你基金管理拨拨款，数数钱就要扣</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">？！几个亿就这么不见了！！</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">[ </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">转自铁血社区</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">换作平常</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的管理费我也不说啥，这不算是太贪的，要知道其他慈善机构的管理费要远高于这个比例！可是，现在是什么时候？这么庞大的捐助也要从中抽上一笔？！</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 我不知道慈善机构是不是要缴税，从天涯上一个帖子上看到红十字会普通收纳员的月工资条和其他补助就已经高达万元以上，再加上各种补助物资。我真的开始怀疑，我们的慈善行为究竟帮助了谁？？</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 捐还是不捐？当然要捐，但是我有以下想法：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，现阶段最好以物资的形式进行捐助，现在活命最重要，药品、饮食、衣物等等；灾后重建才会用到大量先进吧？</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，个人到红十字会等慈善机构的捐助我不做赘述。企业名义捐助的往往都是几百万的大数额，这笔钱怎么用，到底交给谁一定要想清楚！不能把大家的善举变成某些慈善机构的小金库！</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，建议大家寻找一些有良心的慈善机构。据了解中国儿童少年基金会会设定专项资金，而且不收任何管理费。但是从名称看是否救助面窄了些？</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">[ </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">转自铁血社区</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 对于中国的慈善机构，我有如下呼吁：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，请加强监管，不要以政府和某些组织作为挂靠，要有切实的监管制度！</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，财务要透明！每一笔捐助，哪怕只有几块钱也要说明钱的去处！这些钱不是大风刮来的，是一份份赤诚的善心！</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，任何接受了此次抗震救灾捐助的机构，都必须要设立专项，并按阶段向公众公示款项和物资的去处！</span><font face="Calibri"> </font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-indent:21pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">上面为转载。我想问一下：中国有不收管理费的慈善机构吗？</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">欠缺独立基金与相关法律</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">通过公益慈善立法促进社会公益事业的发展是业界人士的一致共识。英国的《慈善法》有四百多年的历史，并且还在进一步修改完善。我国尚无系统的公益组织法，仅有的《公益事业捐赠法》还难于执行，社团等相关法规也亟待修改完善。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">长期以来，国家有关部门实际上并没有也不能完全按照社团的方式来对基金会进行登记、管理。但是，将基金会定为“非营利性法人”，在避免了原来由于对基金会的法人地位定位不准而导致的一系列问题的同时，也带来了一些新的问题。由于我国《民法通则》规定的四种法人形式中没有“非营利性法人”，所以，至少在我国民法典修改以前它作为一个正式的名称是没有强有力的法律依据的。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">“中国没有独立的基金与基金会的法律，基金会相关的法律制度的层次不高。目前我国尚未建立专门用来规范基金会的人大立法，基金会的劳动人事、税收优惠、财会制度等，在没有相关的配套措施出台之前，实践中还只能按照原来社会团体的做法。”梁枫说。（记者</span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">李明思）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">不久前，中国青少年发展基金会的一项统计表明，目前在我国工商行政部门注册的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1000</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万家企业中，仅有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万家曾经为慈善事业捐过款物，另外</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">99%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的企业则从未有过慈善捐助记录。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">为什么有这么多的企业不做“善事”，不愿意向慈善机构捐款呢？原因之一就是善款的去向不透明，他们担心自己的善意不能被充分表达。确实，如今国内一些慈善机构财务混乱，信息不公开，捐助善款的接收和使用上，缺乏完善的监督追惩措施。捐款的来源、流向等这些捐款者应该知道的信息并没有公开，捐款者的知情权被忽略了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">而企业家更担心的是，这些钱被一些不良的基层官吏借机中饱私囊，贪污浪费。因此，与其让他们挥霍还不如不捐。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">不是这样吗？深圳彭年集团董事长余彭年曾向有关单位捐赠</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">辆进口救护车，两年后得知，经过改造成了某些领导专用车。盛怒之下，余彭年将捐赠车辆悉数收回，转赠几家县级医疗单位，然而他没想到，转赠的救护车再次被挪作他用。吉利集团董事长李书福决定花</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5000</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万资助</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1000</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">名寒门学子上大学，但为不使善流失，他不得不多掏</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">200</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万去找真正的受助人。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">现在不是没有善人，而是没有让人放心的善款管理机构和人员。正常的情况下，捐款者应该能够随时查询到自己捐出的钱在哪里，事实上却不能，仅靠政府的强制力量是不行，长此以往，企业和个人就是不捐款，你能把他们怎么样。如是，将是中国的一大悲哀。国外的基金会，每一笔捐款及用途，都能及时地放到网站上让人查得到看得清，中国为什么不行？看来，这不透明的文章，是有大手笔的。透明了，私囊如何饱填，领导如何孝敬，吃喝如何报销……。然而，不透明的结果，只能是向所谓基金会转入的捐款越来越少，而老百姓劳师费神地寻找捐赠对象越来越多。如此，那些基金会还有什么用。其实，老百姓也不愿意那么麻烦。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">反正，我要是捐款决不会去找什么基金会，我信不着他们，我认为他们就是一群俗人，甚至于比我还俗。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">——基金会需要监督</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">“中国社会并不缺少善心，缺少的是对公益组织的信心。”这是国际著名咨询机构麦肯锡公司对中国公益事业作出的评价。很多企业家也说过：“我们很想亲眼看见捐赠的款物落实到那些需要帮助的人身上，但现在的体制让我们很难做到这一点。”</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">然而，现阶段由于如何建立公众的信心，很多公益组织似乎并没有认真想过，企业家更是呼吁政府尽早构建一个有利于发展慈善事业的机制，特别是监督善款的使用过程，让“钱用在刀刃上”，以此提升企业捐款的积极性。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">正如深圳彭年集团董事长余彭年所说：“因为有种种顾虑，很多人不敢站出来做善事。但是，中国贫穷的地方太多了，政府应该鼓励更多的人做善事，不仅是富人，普通百姓也同样能做善事。关键要有个透明的监督机制。”</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">可见，建立一套透明的关于慈善方面的法规制度非常之必要。因为目前我国还没有一部专项的“慈善事业促进法”。当前涉及慈善方面只有《中华人民共和国公益事业捐赠法》、《社会团体登记管理条例》、《基金会管理条例》等三部法规，显然是不够的。然而，更应该考虑的是必须建立《慈善事业监督法》，并设置相应的监督部门，加大执法的力度，真正能让慈善捐赠，一分一厘地都用到需要受助的人手里。别再让那些吃人饭不干人事的基金管理机构和人员，用捐款再去挥霍，再去显摆，让捐款者寒心了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">——别再忽悠善良的心！</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">我国现有基金会</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1200</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">家，其中全国性基金会</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">80</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">多家。如果这么多基金会都来忽悠人，那能量可是太大了。举个例子，根据现行税收规定，对基金会的捐赠，企业纳税人的捐赠额在应纳税所得额</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">3</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">％以内的部分，个人捐赠在应纳税所得额</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">30</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">％以内的部分允许税前扣除。然而，实际操作中，又有多少受到如此待遇呢？原因是，很多人并不知情。而我们那些可爱的基金会里的先生们，却经常篡夺人们的知情权。少数的即使让人知情了，真正办起手续来，也是繁多加繁杂，让人感觉不敞亮，憋气又窝火。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">至于在其他方面的忽悠，则更不用说了。有善心，才能做善事，做了善事，不知善受何人，而且经常惨遭忽悠，那感觉，真比吞吃了苍蝇还难受。有道是，再一再二，不能再三再四。忽悠一二，不能再忽悠三四了。你忽悠太猛了，太离谱了，小心老百姓让你道德的法庭上曝光，让你受到法律的严惩。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">作为捐赠</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">7500</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万元，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2005</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">中国大陆慈善家排行榜中位列第二的余彭年多次表示，做善事并不是为了要在慈善家排行榜上留名，“我做我的善事，只要真的有效果，我就很开心。”</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">我们欣赏这句话。同时，我们也记得《功夫》里的那句话：只要我们这些善良的人对你提高警惕，你还会什么啊？</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">美国红十字，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">Mercy Corp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">都是中介人，把钱交到中国手上就不管了，老白亲自扎营监管很少，中国也不放心。唯二的好处就是能免税，或者让公司</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">match</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，其实米国慈善机构的管理费也很够呛，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">40%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的都有，一般来说</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">20%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">朝上，等到汇到中土国那里一层层卡下去，所剩无几。这次地震波及的都是穷地方，穷乡僻壤的官员素质可想而知，所以捐款到位的问题特别突出。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">做慈善为什么一定要走极端</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">http://www.sina.com.cn 2007</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">11</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">09</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"> 01:27 </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">北京商报</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 为了广开善源，湖南省慈善总会近日宣布诚征“社会募集者”（自然人或法人）代为劝募。根据该会的相关规定及劝募对象所在地区的不同，社会募集者将可从其募集的善款中得到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">8%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">至</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">15%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">不等的“劝募提成”。此举一出即遭质疑，不乏痛心疾首者直斥商业化的“劝募提成”让慈善的神圣性很受伤害。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 摆平“利”与“义”之间的关系，有时候的确很难。不过做慈善是不是一定要从一个极端跳到另一个极端，慈善模式除了纯公益的“不计成本”，难道就只剩下了纯商业的“赞助提成”？</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 长久以来，慈善一直被置于一尘不染的道德高点，在许多人眼中，义工就应该不计报酬，必须与成本绝缘。然而，慈善本身却有其执行成本存在，特别是对劝募这样具有相当难度的活动来说，时间、精力、交通费、通讯费等等都不可能绕开，不断抬升的“牺牲门槛”只会把越来越多的人挡在慈善之外。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 实际上，任何社会激励都包含着经济动机、社会动机与道德动机，或是带来经济实利，或是增加社会认同，或是提供道德满足。为什么各地都有以捐赠人名字命名的公路与校舍？为什么义务献血者有优先用血的权利？其实都是在以不同的形式对善心进行褒奖，只不过是小心翼翼地绕开了人民币。过于“谈利色变”，让许多人将慈善的报偿重重地押在了社会认同与道德满足之上，以至于出现受助者能否受助更多取决于其曝光率，甚至有捐助者不看见人家感激涕零就深感失望的荒唐。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 慈善，尤其是能大规模铺开、得以拯救更多弱者的慈善事业，终有一天要正视利益动机。但机械照搬商业领域的提成模式，将激励简单替换成赢利，和“不计成本”一样偏激。它有可能带来一系列的问题：社会募集者会不会成为靠提成吃饭的业务员？劝募对象能不能接受提成阴影下的慈善宣传？社会募集者提成</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">8%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">至</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">15%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">、慈善总会提成</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">是否和慈善法规中“慈善组织在捐款中可提取</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">管理费”相背离？这种做法降低了慈善成本，却提高了道德风险，极有可能透支慈善资源，也让这一链条中的所有人丧失了社会认同和道德满足感。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 事实上，专业慈善筹款机构在国外早已存在，但其本身并不直接使用善款，而是将善款拨付给其他慈善组织使用，其操作模式中有几点非常值得借鉴。如严格审批慈善机构募款资格，筹款活动必须提交筹款范围、使用方式与监管细则；慈善机构如借力专业筹款者，须审查后者资格，支付酬金但非比例佣金；必须对劝募对象说明法定比例的善款将列支为慈善机构的运作成本，其中包括支付专业筹款者的酬金；向社会公示所募款项的去向，包括筹款者的报酬及报销工作所需。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 在这个世界上，并非除了黑就是白，任何两极化的思维都是炙热的红碳，会烫伤很多人。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">认真研究如何给人们的善念松绑、提供行善的机会与便利，该是时候了</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 今年似是多事之秋，春有暴雪，夏有地震，中间还有火车出轨。当这些国难、噩耗来临之时，救灾、赈济也都在如火如荼地展开，可歌可泣的感人故事也时时触动人们柔软的心。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 在此过程中，政府确实在尽力解决问题，尤其此次“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">·</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">12</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">”汶川大地震之后，温总理在第一时间奔赴罹难之区（从事发到上飞机其间不到二小时！），其担当与效率，是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1949</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年以来前所未见的，令人感动和钦佩。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 然而，如此震惊中外的国难，仅仅依靠政府，即使倾全力以赴救，依然不够。社会更应该能够发挥作用。甚至一定程度上说，除了政府救灾得力与否，社会能力发挥得好差也极为关键。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 社会能力的发挥需要诸多整合性能量的出口，而这种能量出口往往主要汇聚在独立自由的社会组织。这些组织中，慈善机构往往是国难之际的中坚。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 慈善机构属于社会团体。按照</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1989</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">25</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日国务院发布的《社团管理登记条例》的规定：</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “社会团体经核准登记后，方可进行活动。但是，法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。”（第二条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “社会团体的登记管理机关是中华人民共和国民政部和县级以上地方各级民政部门。社会团体的业务活动受有关业务主管部门的指导。”（第六条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “有关业务主管部门和登记管理机关应当对经核准登记的社会团体负责日常管理。”（第八条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “申请成立社会团体，应当经过有关业务主管部门审查同意后，向登记管理机关申请登记。”（第九条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “登记管理机关对社会团体实行年度检查制度。社会团体应当于每年第一季度向登记管理机关提交上一年度的年检报告和有关材料。”（第二十四条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “未经核准登记擅自与社会团体名义进行活动不听劝阻的，由民政部门命令解散。”（第二十六条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “登记管理机关处理社会团体的违法行为，必须查明事实，依法办理，并将处理决定书面通知社会团体法定代表人或者负责人。”（第二十八条）</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> ……</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 这些条文都十分明确地指向中国社团的法律性质，就是包括慈善机构在内的任何社团，其成立与活动的法律性质均属于“政府核准与管制”型，而不是正常公民社会下的“政府备案自由活动型”。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 社团也被称为非政府组织（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">NGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">），或叫非营利组织。但是，在中国的制度语境下，它们却成了“半政府组织”（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">）或者“准政府组织”。上述社团制度有个很大弊病，就是其活动范围与活动能力，不是由法律规范，而是由行政部门（即民政部）决定。以慈善机构为例，李连杰基壹金计划，隶属于中国红十字会总会，目前在国内虽然颇有声势，但是民政部若要取缔它几乎轻而易举——而创立该基金计划的李连杰先生以及其他相关负责人，都无权继续以该基金计划的名义活动。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 慈善机构的“准政府”与“半政府”性质导致了慈善事业合法性的减损。政府垄断了从事慈善事业的所有合法渠道。如果政府公信力强度高，那倒还好，社会上个体的慈善行为或可通过政府实现，也可通过这些“半政府”机构实现；一旦政府公信力受损，人们会因为质疑政府行为的效率和廉洁，而不愿意通过政府实现自己的善行，转而寻找其他途径。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 由于作为“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">”组织的社会性慈善机构，也是在政府部门的操控之下，其公信力与政府公信力存在连带效应，即随着政府公信力之升降而升降，政府的公信力下降必然殃及它们。于是，在政府公信力低下的情况下，个体的行善愿望在遭到无信政府的挫折之后，会遭到无信</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">的二次挫伤。于是，个体的行善愿望，除了部分出于无奈，抱着侥幸心理去第一渠道或者第二渠道捐赠之外，其他行善愿望特别强烈的部分个体，会通过自己独立的行动去完成。另有很大一部分人，其善心则往往在四顾茫然、手足无措中消逝。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 除了公信力问题本身之外，这些作为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">组织的慈善机构，由于本身欠缺应有的权利能力，其相应的主动性和活力、创造力也都随之受损，这种权利能力受损的结果是，其效率和廉洁在实际上必然受损，其公信力本身打了折扣，其所受到的公信力减损既因来自政府的连带效应，又有自身固有的原因。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 因此，在这种“政府核准与管制”模式下的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">组织，在社会生活中很难获得它们本该有的公信力。这就严重影响了公民的社会活动，在慈善事业中就导致个体的社会性行善成本大大提高。在有些特定情形下，人们的行善成本之高足以让人们望行善而生畏，以致彻底打消行善的念头。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 在任何一个正常的公民社会，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">NGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">组织都是“政府备案自由活动型”的，在政府备案的目的是可以得到法律与社会以及个体的合法支持，以及表示对法律负责——例如可以获得税收扣抵之类的优惠政策，而不是服从政府管制。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 如果</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">NGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">机构的法律制度环境是“政府备案自由活动型”的，那么，它们具有独立的法人人格，不受政府管制，它们一切活动的后果仅仅对法律负责，而不是某个对其拥有生杀予夺之权的政府部门负责。这样的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">NGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">组织具有社会团体所应有的完整的权利能力，它们可以完全按照该组织自身的宗旨行事，而不必看任何政府部门的眼色，它们可以通过自己的组织形式和科学管理，最大限度地发挥自己的能力，去为社会服务。它们具有自己独立的公信力，不受任何外在因素影响，它们的公信力是由自己的行为所产生的社会效果而建立，并且随着社会效果的好差而变化，不是通过政府获得的。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 目前，中国慈善机构正是由于尚属于“政府核准与管制型”的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">SGO</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">组织，因而无法全面释放社会的行善愿望。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 在这举国震悼、万民悲怆之际，除了受灾当地的人们、军队、政府官员，还有全国各地无数人，一直关心着灾区，想要为受灾同胞做点什么、送去点什么。灾难激发了人们本有的慈悲心。然而，我们的法律制度却不能为这份善意提供充分的出口——许多人愿意捐款捐资，却不愿意将它们送交政府官员或者半官方的慈善机构，因为它们的公信力严重不足，这让诸多人望善兴叹。这从民政部网站上截至</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">时的捐赠统计数据中略见端倪：</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> “据民政部统计，截至今天</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">时，全国共接收社会各界捐赠款物</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">31.75</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">其中捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">27.99</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">。其中，接收国内捐助款物</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">25.95</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">其中捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">23.79</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">、接收国外</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">19</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">个国家政府和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">4</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">个国际机构捐助款物折合人民币</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5.8</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">其中捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">4.2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">)</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">。国内捐助款物接收的具体情况是：民政部接收捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">1.02</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元；中国红十字会总会接收款物</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">6.25</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元；中华慈善总会接收款物</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2.4</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元；各省份及国内企业和各社会团体向灾区捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">16.28</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿元。”</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 这些数字显然与一个拥有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">13</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">亿人口、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">960</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万平方公里国土的大国是不相配的，这样的社会与一个去年税收总入达</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">9</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">万亿元的政府也是不相配的。而原因很明显：人们的行善成本太高了，法律制度没有给人们提供足够的行善条件。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> 虽说此刻正是竭尽全力救人和重建家园的时候，说这些对目前局势似乎毫无增进之效。但是，我依然认为，认真研究如何给人们的善念松绑、提供行善的机会与便利，该是时候了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin"> ——因为只要地球还在，我们就要时刻准备着面对下一次天灾地祸。■</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">作者为本刊法律部首席法律顾问</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">2008-05-18 | </font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">再谈捐款和不合时宜的问题</span><font face="Calibri"> <span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">标签：</span><font face="Calibri"> </font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">可以转贴</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">前日发帖提出关于捐款的一个不合时宜的问题，结果，绝大多数网友支持我，他们似乎有同感。这样，我在网络里搜索了“捐款</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">+</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">管理费”关键词。大致而言，国外的慈善机构也有许多是收取管理费的，不过费率较低，普遍低于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">20%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">或</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">10%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，实际费率很低，因为国外这类机构的工作人员很多不领取报酬的志愿者，他们有信仰，也有社会责任感，故基金会的工资成本很低，工资成本通常是慈善机构总成本的主要部分。此外，国外对基金组织的监督是很严格的，法律的和道德的。相比而言，国内的机构，规定费率可以很低，例如</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，至多不过</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">20%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，但实际上呢，服务很少，透明度极低，监督太差，这三项因素导致实际费率远高于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">20%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">，两位有捐款经验的企业家告诉我说在三分之一或以上。当然，我们不应排除有些国内慈善机构效率很高，例如，费率低于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Calibri">5%</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">？总之，我没有确切数据。这也说明数据来源都被垄断或不确切。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-font-family:calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin">我觉得国外和国内的慈善机构的费率都缺乏经济学基础，特别是当重大灾难降临时，一次性地，管理费不可能随着捐款数额的数十倍或数百倍增长而突然等比例增长。所以，至少对于重大灾难的捐款，国内外的慈善捐款都不应按照比例收取管理费。正确的办法，是如银行汇款一样，当汇款额超过一定数目时不再按照比例收取，而是收取不超过某一数目的费用（绝对值，不是比例）。</span></p>
作者: 太上老军 时间: 2008-5-21 23:43
很合时宜，正合时宜
作者: 凌丁 时间: 2008-5-22 00:28
<p>这个没什么不合时宜的啊。</p><p>反正我这人比较俗，爱随大流，大家看艳照门、反CNN、喝王老吉、骂王石，我就跟着看、反、喝、骂（今天就喝了两罐骂了两句）。</p><p>我看现在大家呼吁落实善款了，我就跟着呼。</p><p>没独立思想啊，我也没办法。</p>[此帖子已经被作者于[lastedittime]1211388142[/lastedittime]编辑过]
作者: 林思南 时间: 2008-5-22 09:25
<p>是个问题,表面上做得不要太伤我们的心就好了~</p>
作者: 童末 时间: 2008-5-22 10:56
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>凌丁</i>在2008-05-22 00:28:58的发言：</b><br /><p>这个没什么不合时宜的啊。</p><p>反正我这人比较俗，爱随大流，大家看艳照门、反CNN、喝王老吉、骂王石，我就跟着看、反、喝、骂（今天就喝了两罐骂了两句）。</p><p>我看现在大家呼吁落实善款了，我就跟着呼。</p><p>没独立思想啊，我也没办法。</p></div><p>这篇是16号贴出来的，所以作者说自己“不合时宜”。</p>
作者: 凌丁 时间: 2008-5-22 13:56
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>童末</i>在2008-05-22 10:56:35的发言：</b><br /><p>这篇是16号贴出来的，所以作者说自己“不合时宜”。</p></div><p>哦，只要没造成“反对或延阻大家捐款”的事实，就不算不合时宜吧。如果造成了，就有点不合时宜，我会建议他等到捐款热潮稍微平息一点的时候再谈。假如因为谈得早挨了一些骂，也算正常，希望他坚强挺住，继续保持信心（包括对骂他的人的信心），合理建议。 </p><p>不要一捱骂就把自己逼上道德制高点的梁山，成了我不入地狱谁入地狱的地藏，成了臆想中的伽利略或布鲁诺、成了永动机或宇宙第一原动力，成了道德牛皮癣蘑菇云患者——这个不针对本帖作者，我看他始终理性、平和、值得尊重。 </p><p></p>
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