<p><strong>注明:《老无所依》电影摄影师的采访暂时搁浅,尽量做到下个月上影音。这篇58年采访奥森威尔斯的文章较为简单,先翻了一大半(为了要交黑蓝网刊影音推荐,必须先贴上了- =),剩下了我在后几天补上。</strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">André Bazin </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> Charles Bitsch</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">对话</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Orson Welles</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">初登于《电影手册》</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1958</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">84</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">期</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">由</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Sally Shafto</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">翻译并注释</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">很早以前,电影手册就想采访</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Orson Welles</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。戛纳电影节的时候机会自己送上了门,他参加了这次电影节,要待上三天。数不甚数的招待会、记者会和其他的鸡尾酒会意味着这次“采访”时间不会很长,所以我们放弃就他的电影一网打尽想法,有时担心关注某一事儿可能会延长讨论的时间。但是因为威尔斯必须来巴黎加入</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">The Roots of Heaven</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">剧组(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">John Huston</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的),在里面他有一个角色,我们希望能为这个采访出版一个巴黎结局,到时将附上他的电视、剧院和电影的完全作品目录。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">因为我们必须要有所限制,我们首要的问题都集中在《阿卡汀先生》(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1955</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)之后的那段时期,这是他作品最没什么名声的时期。准确的说</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Orson Welles</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">现在活跃在剧院里,我们知道他已经上演了《奥塞罗》、《莫比</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">迪克》和《李尔王》。这是我们的进入点。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">* * *</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Orson Welles</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">:我希望你们要跟我聊的是电影而不是我的作品,因为真相就是我不喜欢谈论我的作品。可能这就是为什么我工作总是做的不够的原因!嗯……关于剧院,你们只能谈我过去三年里面做的东西。在电影界,你们知道我做了什么,除去那些还没有发行或者还没有完成的电影,这包括我的《莫比</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">迪克》、《堂吉诃德》(未完成)和我自己的剪辑版《邪恶接触》(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1958</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">),因为《邪恶接触》的剪辑,就像《阿卡汀先生》一样在我回来之后要重新再做。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">电影手册:《莫比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">迪克》是根据同名广播剧改编的电影?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">对。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这部电影已经在英国电视台播放了?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,还没有。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">它拍完了吗,剪辑完了吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">快剪辑完了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你希望马上完成它吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这取决于电视台的导演们。在娱乐业工作的我们全都是在欺骗自己。我们一直假装我们是自己命运的主宰者,而所有的记者,无论严肃还是不严肃的,都为这种欺骗出力。事实是我们不能选择我们要做的。我们不停歇地满世界跑就是为了找到赞助,做点什么。就我个人来说,我想我已经到了这把年纪,再继续假装最细小的事情都在我的控制中已经没有什么用了,因为它不是真的。记者们经常问我:“你打算……”,诸如此类。当然我想要!我还在做。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">除了莫比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">迪克以外,你还为电视台拍了其他片子,特别是人们谈起你在法国</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominici</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">案件时期。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是。这个电影要完成还早着。现在我要完成的一部关于意大利电影的影片,关于(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Gina</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> Lollobrigida</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的片子。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">纪录片?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">纪录片,形式上非常特别,有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Steinberg</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的素描、很多的剧照、对话、小轶事……事实上,它不是一部纪录片而是一篇论文,一篇私人论文。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">以事实为依据的论文?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">基于事实?不。实际上像所有论文一样不过……它不是伪装成事实:它只是不撒谎。这是报纸的传统,对我是命题作文——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Lollobrigida</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">——不是关于真实的她。相较而言更个人,而非一个观点。它的确是论文。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这个论文脱离了热门事件,就像你拍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominici</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">案件。那也是论文吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是的,一篇关于水的论文。对我来说,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominici</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">事件的要点就是用水难的故事。你就可以说我关于干旱城市和水问题的想法适合拍成一部</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominic</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">事实纪录片。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominici</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">故事是怎么拍成关于水的故事?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我的电影就是答案,如果我把答案给你,那就不需要这部片子了,它就是我有的全部。用语言来解释是必要的,但是无论是用英语、还是法语或者其他任何一种语言对我的电影都是不公平的。它是一个关于水的故事全因为在一天晚上水自由地流经</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Dominici</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的农田时罪行就发生,故事里面水的角色就是这样的,我感兴趣就是它。要回答你的问题我需要说上至少</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">个半小时,但是用影像我只需要</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">分钟。没必要惊讶如果,取代电影,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">André Gide</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的一本书中提出的一个问题,例如,如果你读到那里发生谋杀是因为水,但是你却寄希望电影是说事实真相的。我着迷电影,当你回头再看小说时,不会有这样的宣称“这就是真相,这就是生活”诸如此类,那只是作者的看法,是非常私人想法的表达。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Orson Welles</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">谈堂吉诃德外景拍摄</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">片子分成三集?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,不是真的。电影只有一部。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是现代版的堂吉诃德?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是的,可以这么说。堂吉诃德和他的时代之间的不合适宜到现在已经失去了所有效力,因为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世纪和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">14</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">世纪之间的不同在人们的脑袋里已经没那么泾渭分明。因此这种不合适宜简单地被转化成现代术语:堂吉诃德和桑丘来到塞万提斯小说的第二卷中。所以,当堂吉诃德和桑丘到了某地,人们常常说:“等等!这是堂吉诃德和桑丘,我们读过关于他们的书。”塞万提斯给了他们一个娱乐尺度,即便他们俩是小说产物,但是却比生活本身还要真实。我的堂吉诃德和我的桑丘,确切地说,就像通常那样是以塞万提斯的为基础,不过是现代版。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">影片有一个半小时?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">现在是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">小时</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">分钟。还要拍有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">H-bomb</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的场景,最后拍完会有一个半小时。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">它的拍摄可能要比一般的电影快一些吧?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,快不了多少。不过那种自由度是你在一般的摄制中找不到的,因为拍它的时候,没有剪辑、甚至没有一条叙事思路,也没有什么大纲。每天早上,演员、工作人员和我在酒店门口碰面,接着就出发,到大街上创作电影,像</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Mack Sennett</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一样。这就是为什么它如此让人兴奋的缘由,因为它是货真价实的即兴创作,整个故事、细小的事件、所有的一切都是即兴的。它们都是我们瞬间,灵光一闪发现的,但是这是在已经排演四个礼拜的塞万提斯之后。我们排演塞万提斯所有的场景,好象我们就要演这些,所以演员知道他们扮演的角色,然后我们出去在大街上表演,没有塞万提斯,而是一场以这些排演,角色们的记忆为基础的即兴创作。这是一部无声电影。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">除了音乐伴奏以外没有其他声音?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,我会说一段解说词。这里基本上不存在什么后期录音,除了个别字句以外。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你有在电影里表演吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我以我本人奥森威尔斯的身份出现,我没有扮演角色。还有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> atty MacCormack</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">,她比较特殊,她扮演酒店里的一位美国游客。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你为什么选择即兴创作?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">因为我从来没试过:这就是理由,唯一的理由。当然我也可以创造一个理由,一个漂亮理由,说这样一部电影必须用这样的方式来拍,没有其他方式来拍电影了,等等。但是真正的理由是我从来没有用这样拍过,而且我知道某些无声电影就是这样拍的。我也相信这个故事会比较新颖,比较有意思,如果我真即兴来创作,就是,我保证。当然,对演员你必须要有完全的自信。这是一种非常特殊的工作方法,对商业电影而言是绝对不可行的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这样的工作方法毫无疑问会限制你在造型上的研究,基于这个观点,你的堂吉诃德可能会是一部完全异于你其他电影的作品?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一点都没有。它非常风格化,远胜于我之前所拍的。风格化见于构图,见于镜头的使用。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你使用的是</span><chmetcnv unitname="mm" sourcevalue="18.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5mm</font></span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">短焦固定镜头?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是的,所有都是用的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。《邪恶接触》,也是,事实上,所有的都是用的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。这类镜头充满了未知的可能性。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">最近我在巴黎又看了一遍《阿卡汀先生》。所有镜头你全是用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">拍的?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,并不全是。但是大部分都是。在《堂吉诃德》里全用的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">拍《堂吉诃德》花了多长时间?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">一次拍了两个礼拜,另外一次拍了三个礼拜。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">加上准备的时间?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是的,演员的准备,这个非常特殊。我还必须搞定最后两个场景。我不得不停下,因为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Akim Tamiroff</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">必须要为另外一部片子工作,然后我得出演《漫长的炎夏》(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">The Long, Hot Summer</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)这部戏,为我的堂吉诃德赚点钱。它一直就是这么进行的:要等到演员和我同时都有时间。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">因为你是用自己的钱拍堂吉诃德?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是,当然。没有人愿意提供那样的机会给我。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">拍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Gina Lollobrigida</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">也一样?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">对,也是。不过可能更多一些商业保障!……我没有其他选择:对我来说找工作很艰难。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">听说事实上你拍《邪恶接触》有那么一点偶然,有别的什么人要拍它的,是吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不。但是电影里一些场景既不是我写的,也不是我拍的,我完全不知情。在《伟大的安培逊家族》(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1942</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)里,有三处场景既不是我写的也不是我导的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你拍《邪恶接触》,因为没有其他在做?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">它是第八部!……你知道我工作有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">17</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年,导演了</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">部电影,而我只剪辑了其中三部。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">《公民凯恩》?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">(还有)《奥塞罗》(奥塞罗的悲剧:威尼斯的摩尔人,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1952</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年)和《堂吉诃德》,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">17</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年里!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">那《上海小姐》(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">1947</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年)?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">不,没有得到最后剪辑。你从中还是能看出我的剪辑风格,但是最终版本完全走样了。每次他们都粗暴地从我手中拿走影片。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你认为你剪辑的《邪恶接触》版本和制片厂的存在很大的不同吗?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">对我来说,被叫做导演的所有一切都是大笑话。在电影界,没什么人真称得上是经验丰富;极少有人有过导演的机会。导演唯一真正的重要性就在剪辑。我需要</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">9</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">个月剪辑《公民凯恩》,一个星期工作六天。对,我剪辑了《安培逊家族》,尽管事实是有场景不是我拍的,但是我的剪辑被修改了。基本剪辑是我做的,场景连贯在一起,因为我剪辑了它。换句话说,就好象一个人画了一幅画,那么所有的就都在那里了:他完成了它,如果来个人要往上加点什么,但是他不能,当然不能把帆布全加满盖住吧。在《安培逊家族》从我这被拿走之前,我月复一月地剪辑它:所有的工作就都在那儿了,在荧幕上。但是就我的风格、我的电影观而言,剪辑不是某一方面,它就是全部。拍电影是一个让人们喜欢你的发明,它不是艺术,或者顶多是一天一分钟的艺术。这一分钟特别关键,但是它发生的是绝无仅有的。对电影你可以为所欲为的唯一时刻便是在剪辑的时候。但是在剪辑室,我工作特别缓慢,这常常让制作人情绪大作,从我手上夺走电影。我不知道为什么这能花掉我如此多时间。我可以一直没完没了地剪辑一部片子。对我而言,放在一块的一条电影胶片就像五线谱一样,完成与否全在剪辑,就像乐队指挥自由指挥演奏一段音乐,有的人会用枯燥的、学院的形式演奏,有的则非常浪漫,等等。单靠影像本身是不够的:它们很重要,但是也仅仅只是影像。重要的是每个影像的长度和接下来的影像。电影的雄辩都是在剪辑室里产生的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">剪辑,好象,事实上,在你后来的电影里起着举足轻重的作用,但是在《公民凯恩》、《安培逊家族》、《麦克白》(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">1948</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)等中你拍了很多连续镜头。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Mark Robson</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是《公民凯恩》的剪辑师。同</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Robson</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Robert Wise</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">,后者是助手,我们在一起在剪辑上花了近一年时间。所以说因为我拍了很多连续镜头,就没剪辑可做是错误的。我们就是到现在(在《公民凯恩》的剪辑上)还有事儿可做。你会注意到,在过去这些年里,我拍的电影更多的是短场景,因为我没什么钱,而且短场景拍摄更经济。拍一个长场景,你需要很多钱,为了能完全掌控摄影机前的一切东西。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">《奥塞罗》就是短场景拍摄。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是的。因为我不能在同一时间把演员都召集齐。每次你看见某个人转过身背对着,或者头巾裹着头,那不消说肯定是替身。因此我不得不全用正拍和反拍,因为我没办法把</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Iago</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Micheál MacLiammóir</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">饰演),</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Desdemona</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Suzanne Cloutier</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">饰演),</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Roderigo</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">(</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Robert Coote</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">饰演)和其他人同时召集到摄影机前。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我原想阿卡汀的情况也一样,但是,重看之后,我并不这样认为了,连接镜头非常精确。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">但是奥塞罗,也一样,连接是非常精确;我只不过是在拍这部片子的时候尝试了各种不同的胶片。连接镜头可以尽可能的准确,但是如果你是用杜邦、法国柯达、美国柯达和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Ferrania</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">胶片拍电影,你在剪辑混合他们的时候必须要考虑到色调的冲撞。拍阿卡汀,也是,我不能拍长场景,因为一段长的场景要求人员富足且技术熟练的工作组:欧洲工作组鲜有这样的人和技术人员能够完成一段长的连续镜头。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">以《奥塞罗》里奥塞罗和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">Iago</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在平台上的那场戏举例说明吧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这是真的,这一个只是用吉普车就拍成的镜头。这个镜头的完成就靠一辆吉普和两个演员。而且一部电影里你能在一辆吉普上拍多少镜头呢?譬如在《邪恶接触》中,我拍一个镜头是发生在三个房间里,有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">14</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">个演员,这个画面从插入到远景等等,几乎用了一个胶片卷盘:它是目前为止这部片子里最贵的镜头。因此,如果你注意,就会知道我没有拍长场景,并不是因为我不喜欢,而是因为我的情况限制我拍不了他们。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">拍这个影像,然后这个,接着还是这个影像,随后在剪辑室里再努力对它们进行调整,这是比较好的做法。我更喜欢,当然,拍摄的过程中在摄影机前控制这些元素,但是这不但要钱,还要赞助者对你有信心才行。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">剪辑的想法似乎跟短场景联系在一块,如果某人谈到苏联人经验,就好象是说如果只有短场景,那就只要做足剪辑就可以了。那你赋予剪辑的重要性和你喜欢长场景的事实两者之间是否存在着矛盾?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我不信剪辑工作全部的功能就是缩短镜头。因为俄国人拍短场景所以认为他们在剪辑上花费了很多功夫,这样想是错误的。你能花大量时间在剪辑电影的长场景上,因为你不可能满足于仅仅只是把一个场景和下一个场景粘合起来这样子。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是什么目的促使你坚持系统地使用</span><chmetcnv unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="18.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">毫米</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头,并且如此强调剪辑呢?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">到现在我一直都只使用</span><chmetcnv unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="18.5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">毫米</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头,原因就是其他电影制作者不用。电影就像是被极少殖民者占领的一块殖民地;美国很开放,西班牙人在墨西哥边境上,法国人在加拿大,荷兰人在纽约,你可以肯定英国人进入了无人之地。我并没有偏爱</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头;我只是唯一一个发现其可能性的人。我也没偏好即兴创作:只是没有人像我这样在一段长时间里去实践它。这不是偏好的问题。我填充了那些空位,因为使用新鲜的表达手段是必须的。首要的事情,记住电影是年轻的,对每个有责任心的艺术家而言最重要的是开垦荒地(译者按:“开垦荒地”即</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">break up fallow ground, </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">取自旧约约利米书第四章——</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4:3 </font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">耶和华对犹大和耶路撒冷人如此说,要开垦你们的荒地,不要撒种在荆棘中。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">For thus saith the LORD to the men of Judah and Jerusalem,<span style="color:#ff6600"> Break up </span>your <span style="color:#ff6600">fallow ground</span>, and sow not among thorns.</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">)。如果人人都用广角镜头拍摄,我就会用</span><chmetcnv unitname="mm" sourcevalue="75" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">75mm</font></span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">拍我的电影,因为我非常相信</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">75</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头的潜能;如果别人以极端的巴洛克风格拍片,那我就会极尽古典之法。我没有动作,因此谈不上矛盾精神,我没想说做过的东西我就不做,我只是想在无主之地开垦耕耘。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在很长一段时间你一直在用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="color:blue;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头,你肯定已经在这块土地上发现了好东西,所以你一直还在用。这种镜头对你是否存在着某种吸引?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:blue"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">没有,我还继续在用是因为没有别人用它。如果我一直看</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的镜头拍摄出来的东西,我的眼睛会受不了。我一直努力去拍那些我没有厌倦又或者是我已经很熟悉的电影影像。如果有人在使用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">,我就不会碰它:我会厌倦它失真的特点,而且我会去找其他语言来表达自己。但是我还没有看够这些影像,还没有厌倦他们:所以我能用新鲜眼光来看这种失真。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头对我的吸引实在不是一个问题,只有一个问题:观看的新鲜感。我愿意用</span><chmetcnv unitname="mm" sourcevalue="100" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" wst="on"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">100mm</font></span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头拍一部电影,在这样的镜头下你没办法从演员的脸上移开:会有成千上万的事儿要做!但是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">镜头是重要的新发明:它出来才</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年,因此要找到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的好镜头是可能的,有多少人用过它?每次我把它推荐给某个电影摄影师,他都是被迫接受的:但是到电影拍完时,它变成他最钟爱的镜头。可能现在我在用这个广角完成拍摄时:有时会想我要用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">18.5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">去拍完堂吉诃德……也可能不!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;text-align:right"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">(未完待续)</span></p><p></p>[此帖子已经被作者于[lastedittime]1213598562[/lastedittime]编辑过] |