<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> awel Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">：我是一头骆驼</span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">记者：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Tom Boczna</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">坐在波兰作家</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">awel Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">面前，我觉得他具有一个严肃的作家应该具备的一切外观特征：大胡子、戴眼镜、敏感、古怪，脸上总挂着一种“一穿西服我必死”的表情。最不同寻常的是，他称自己是头骆驼。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“我有两个驼峰。”他加重语气说对他的翻译</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Antonia Lloyd-Jones</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">①诙谐地说，“第一个驼峰是我的姓，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。即便是波兰人也无法正确发出这个音，我就至少听说过</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">15</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">种不同的版本。这个姓氏本来源自奥地利，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">300</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年前迁来波兰。历史上，这个词的读音是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Hyoola</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，就像</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">hoop</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的发音一样，不过多了个</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Y</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的音。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在我看来，驼峰毫无疑问是具有其隐喻意的。这没什么奇怪的，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">awel</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的书中充满了深度和暗语。他最近的新书名字叫“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">”，灵感来自于托马斯·曼的经典著作《魔山》②。他的上一部小说“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Mercedes-Benz</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">”是一部关于人民波兰时期③的讽刺作品</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">献给捷克作家</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Bohumil Hraba</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋体">l</span><span style="font-family:宋体">④</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，书中充满了对于诸多政治事件的隐讳、巧妙的玩笑。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“我的第二个驼峰是我的作家身份。”</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">继续说，“尽管我也知道，文学只在我们的生活中占有极为狭小的一部分，但我仍然热爱它、崇敬它。我的激情所在就是阅读和写作。我从小就很喜欢看书，而且沉溺于此。我的床边总堆满了书，左右两边各有高高的一摞。有时正睡着觉，书会忽然倒塌下来。每逢这时，我妻子会吓得大叫，说人家床头放一两本书就足够了，可你看看你，这里究竟是十五本书还是五十本？！我旅游的时候身边至少要带四本书，当然，还要随身带根钢笔。我有笔记本电脑，但只在家里的时候才用。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">随身带笔</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">以防灵感迸发？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“没错，因为你永远不知道下一刻即将发生些什么。就拿阿根廷的萨瓦托来说，他是我最喜欢的作家之一。有次他去开会，忽然发现自己要等两个小时的飞机。那时候他身边幸好有一部打字机，这样才有了他那部伟大的小说——《英雄和坟墓》。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我于是说，那萨瓦托还真是够幸运的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">他笑了。“反正我听说是这样的。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">面前保持冷静似乎是件不可能的事情。他的情绪总是很激烈，我总觉得在他的大胡子下隐藏着的不过是个十分顽皮的孩子。虽然身为波兰现代最受好评的青年作家，但看上去，他对自己似乎完全没有一个明确的认识。我问他对当今的英文写作有什么看法。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“最近人们写出的书更像是剧本，总觉得少了些什么东西。漂亮的作品总能带给读者一种叙述的享受。叙述不能进行得太快，更不能把所有的情节都拆碎，”他像厨师切菜一样狠狠地捶了一下桌子继续说，“叙述是需要时间的。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">其实</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">曾经在电视台工作过两年，他甚至有关剧本的一切。“那工作挺没劲的，”他说，“没什么创造力。”我于是决定不问他的作品，转而去问他对瓦文萨团结工会⑤的看法。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">80</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年代的时候，我还是记者，在一家报社工作。”他激动地说，“其实与其说是报社，不如说是一家写作学校。每天晚上我都得从波兰的各大工会分支收集各种各样的报道，有时候多达三、四十篇，之后就得把这些文章归为一篇文章拿给瓦文萨看。这样的东西，效果总是挺奇怪的，但是怎么说呢，言简意赅。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我觉得“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Mercedes-Benz</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">”情节的可信性似乎值得商榷：骑着摩托车、坐着热气球猎狐狸，而不是骑马；一个穷困潦倒的波兰人不小心走进了明尼阿波里斯⑥的画展，却被人们当作一个才华横溢的天才受到欢迎。那么，他对于当时替瓦文萨编辑报刊摘要的经历是否属实呢？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">严肃地点了点头，然后便笑了出来：“有些哲学家曾经说过，这世界上没有真正完美的事实。我很同意他的这种观点。在生活中，我们经常被迫将真实的事情转译出来。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我问他是不是喜欢与瓦文萨共事。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“他这个人很直接、很独立、很坚定，我跟你说，至少和现在波兰当政的人相比是这样……”说到这里，他有些犹豫。给我的印象是他似乎在探究卡钦斯基兄弟⑦。这兄弟二人攫取了波兰的总统、总理之位，给波兰政界造成了不小的担忧。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">也许现在是时候写你的第二本书了？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">他的眼睛一下子就亮了。“当我第一次读托马斯·曼的《魔山》时，书中的那个主人公，德国青年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Hans Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">对我造成了很大的影响。我当时</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">16</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">岁，生了一场很严重的病，必须卧床休息好几个星期。所以妈妈给我买了很多书来读，但不幸的是，即便我有病在身，阅读的速度还是很快。不久之后，她发现她给我买新小说来读的速度还是赶不上我看书的速度。直到有一天，她拿来了一本大书，胜利地笑着对我说，这本书你至少得读</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">天。我私下里觉得，她其实认为我病好了也看不完这本书。我读了</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">天之后，同时发现自己发烧得更厉害了。虽然这本书里写的东西我那时还不是完全明白，但我就像着了魔一样。有一句话一直都徘徊在我的头脑之中，正是这句话指引我写出了自己的小说。”他拿起那本</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castop</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，读起了书开始的引文：</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“他在但泽⑧理工学院呆了四个学期。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">因为兴奋而有些颤抖：“我是在但泽长大的。你可以想象那种感觉，一个你特别特别喜欢的作家写了一本书，书中的主角就住在你的隔壁！接着你的想象就开始变得疯狂：他住在什么地方？他平时都去些什么地方？他在什么地方剪发？曾经有个困扰我很多年的问题：</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">究竟在格但斯克⑨做些什么？”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">格但斯克是一座历史名城。人们经常认为，二战的第一枪就是在那里打响的。我对</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">说，他似乎对这座城市有一种极为特殊的感情。在他的每一部小说里都像变戏法一样，忽然闪现出这座城市的某个侧面。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“这是一座极为不平凡的城市，”他沉思着说，“大街小巷布满各式各样的幽灵。我倒不是说这座城市有多美或是多妙，但就是有些独特。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1918</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年的时候⑩，这座城市里百分之九十的人都是德国人。而当二战结束的时候，德国人被迫离开这座城市。他们走了，波兰人搬了进来，但却搬进了一座被炸烂了的、四处弥漫着烟雾的废墟。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“我小时候正是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">60</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年代末期。在我长大的那个区的边缘处有三处德国荒废的墓园。没人注意到它们。我和我的小朋友们经常能在那里找到一些破旧的德国武器，枪啊，子弹啊什么的。还有一些没有爆炸的臭弹。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">你都用这些东西做了什么？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“我们用那些臭弹做火箭。首先，你得拆掉它们的壳，拔出它们的雷管，这样它们就再也不会炸了。然后把里面的火药都磕出来，就能做一个很牛的火箭了。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我告诉他，格但斯克的奇怪之处在他的书中也有体现。可能在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这本书中更令人难以察觉，可能是因为故事被设定在一战之前的“美丽年代”中，而且又遇上了这么一个令人着迷、愁肠百结的城市。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“德国人总有一种东方情结。”他说，“一种方式是通过文学的方式去探索、实现他们的梦想，就像托马斯·曼所做的那样。在《魂断威尼斯》中，主人公被设定为一个波兰少年。而在我的小说中，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">则被设定为一个波兰女人。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">另一种实现方式是什么呢？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“另一种方式正如历史所见，他们攻占我们的城市。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我决定最好还是关注他的小说，并且适当暗示一下他笔下人物的独特性格给人带来的其它感觉。比如说</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Frau Hildegarde Wybe</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">专横跋扈的女房东，或者像那个理工学院职员那样的小角色，他因为对城市的人行道耿耿于怀而写了一本配插图的小册子。这两个角色都很古怪，但却都十分亲切。他们是否都有人物原型呢？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">笑着向后坐了坐，之后回答：“</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Frau Hildegarde</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">是军人遗孀的典型。而那个小职员，他也不是完全虚构的，因为我确实认得一些像他那样疯狂的人。你本来试图和他们交谈，但是他们会忽然对你说：‘这个城市的蝴蝶有问题。’或者是‘水坑有问题。’然后他们就给你看他们写的针对这个问题而写的各式各样的具体措施。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我们快没时间了。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Hulle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">还要去参加艾丁堡艺术节。最后一个问题：你希望英国读者能从</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这本书里读出些什么东西来？</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">“每当我写完一本书，我都希望自己能够记住一些书中的情景。我希望这本书中一些具有力度的画面能够留在读者的脑海中。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这点他倒是不用担心了。当我之后走在伦敦的大街上时，总是情不自禁地去看脚下的人行道。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'"><strong>注释：</strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore">①<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US">Antonia Lloyd-Jone </span></font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">当今较为活跃的波兰文学英文译者。曾经翻译过</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel Hulle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">及</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Olga Tokarczuk</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的小说，其中后者为享誉现代波兰文学界的女作家，获奖无数，受波兰文学界的一致好评。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">②<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">《魔山》主人公名叫</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Hans Castorp</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">③<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">人民波兰时期，即二十世纪五、六十年代，前苏联模式下的波兰人民共和国。波兰当今盛行反映这一时代的文艺作品。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">④<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">胡拉米尔·赫拉巴尔，著有《底层的珍珠》、《过于喧嚣的孤独》等。作品多描写平凡、普通的“被抛于垃圾堆上的人”。作家于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">97</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年从医院的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">楼坠落而死，坠落原因不明。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore">⑤<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US">1980</span></font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年罢工运动中出现的工会组织，后成为自治联盟。瓦文萨当选为主席，后出任波兰总统。团结工会运动是波兰脱离社会主义阵营的关键。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">⑥<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">位于美国明尼苏达州。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">⑦<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">卡钦斯基兄弟，即波兰现任的总统和总理。二人为双胞胎兄弟。哥哥被选为总统之后，利用自己在议会职权将弟弟任命为总理，使得波兰诸多大权集中于一个家族之手。这也是为什么下文提到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Hulle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">比较担忧的原因。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">⑧<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">英文</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Danzig</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">。波兰北方港口城市。君特·格拉斯出生地。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore"><font face="Times New Roman">⑨<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></font></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">即</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Gdansk</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">，但泽的波兰文发音。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;text-indent:-18pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family:'times new roman'"><span style="mso-list:ignore">⑩<span style="font:7pt 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US">1918</span></font><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年，一战结束，波兰经历了</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">123</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年的亡国后，终于重获独立。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Times New Roman"></font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'"><strong>短论：</strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">这是</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2007</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">9</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">日刊登在英国《独立报》上的一段采访。虽然这个做采访的记者比较傻，但是因为这篇采访距离现在的时间较近，所以还是有一定参考价值的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">我之所以选择这篇文章来翻译，一方面是由于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在波兰文坛十分活跃，另一方面也是因为他丰富的人生经历。可以说，作家的前半生经历即为波兰的半部近代史。他是一名典型的波兰当代作家。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel Huelle</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1957</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年出生于波兰北方港口城市格但斯克，毕业于格但斯克大学。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">80</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年代末，瓦文萨在格但斯克领导团结工会运动的时候，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">曾经在其工会下的报刊办公室就职，主要负责为其收集报刊信息、整理摘要。之后他也曾担任过记者、电视台的策划人，最近则主要为波兰《选举报》撰写专栏。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">自</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1987</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年发表第一部小说以来，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Pawel</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的作品就一直好评不断。他的小说《梅塞德斯—奔驰》自从于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2002</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">年出版以来，先后被翻译成英、法、丹麦等多种语言，在世界各国出版发行。他的小说之所以能够至今热度不减，其中一个很重要的原因就是小说的可读性。作家一直认为，小说就是叙事的艺术。在这篇采访中，可以很清楚地看出他的叙事技巧，即一定要慢。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">另一个重要原因，就是小说的英文译者</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Antonia Lloyd-Jones</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">地道的、同时也忠实于原著的翻译技巧。纽约书评甚至评价道，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Antonia</font></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">的译文和小说本身一样精彩。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:'times new roman';mso-hansi-font-family:'times new roman'">在采访的一开始，作家就提到了自己像是背负着双峰的骆驼，在这一比喻背后能够感受到某种更为沉重的东西。来自奥地利的血统，使得作家笔下地域性超越了民族性，成为一种更为宏大而深沉的东西。而作家的身份则代表其身为一名波兰当代知识分子的自觉性和使命感。之所以说他是一名典型的波兰作家，原因也正是如此。</span></p>[此帖子已经被作者于[lastedittime]1189747127[/lastedittime]编辑过] | 
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发表于 2007-9-13 20:22:05
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