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<p>继续，信及翻译。好像和“译介”有关系了。[em01]</p><p>To my students in Beijing, Fall 2007:<br /><br />While grading papers today I encountered two more cases of plagiarism.One <br />was sophisticated but serious. The other was so blatant that it was almost <br />unbelievable. That makes a total of three students who have failed my <br />courses because of plagiarism. <br /><br />今天批阅论文的时候，我又遇到了两例剽窃行为。一例手法老练但是情节严重，另一例<br />则是厚颜无耻得令人难以置信。这样总计就有三名学生因为剽窃而在我的课程中不及格<br />。<br /><br />If I had not warned you and given you the opportunity honestly to correct <br />your essays, there would have been several more. I thank those of you who <br />were honest and showed me what you had copied. <br /><br />假如我前些时候没有警告过你们，并给你们一次机会去诚实地改正你们的文章，这种事<br />情还会多好几例。有些同学诚实地告诉了我他们都抄袭了哪些部分，我向他们表示感谢<br />。<br /><br /> lagiarism disturbs me greatly, both because it corrodes my relationship <br />with you as my students, and because it tells me things about China and <br />Beida that neither you nor I want to hear. <br /><br />这些剽窃行为让我非常苦恼，不但因为它损害了你我之间的师生关系，也因为它告诉了<br />我一些关于北大、关于中国的事情，而这些事情是你我都不愿意听到的。<br /><br />It corrodes my relationship with you because I work hard to be a good <br />teacher, I take time to prepare good lectures, and I spend many hours <br />providing detailed feedback on essays. It is hard work. You cannot imagine <br />what it is like to correct the details of the 500th essay until you have <br />done it yourself. I do that to help you learn to think more clearly, to <br />express yourself convincingly, and to develop your intellectual power, your <br />ability to understand the world.I also do it because I value you, I value <br />your ideas, and I think the world will be a better place when you can all <br />think clearly and behave intelligently. Later in life, some of you will be <br />leaders with important positions. I want you to be competent and honest,for <br />I have seen too often what terrible things can happen when leaders are <br />incompetent and dishonest. Leadership aside, I want all of you to be able <br />to create value in your lives, whatever you end up doing,and you cannot do <br />that if you deceive. <br /><br />它伤害了我们之间的关系，因为我为了当一名好老师而付出了许多努力。我花了许多时<br />间准备课堂讲授，又花了许多时间给你们的文章写下详尽的反馈。这些工作都很辛苦。<br />你无法想象，当改到第500篇文章的细节的时候你是什么感觉，除非你亲身经历。我做这<br />一切，是为了让你们学会更清晰地思考问题，学会有说服力地表达自己的观点，学会培<br />养自己的理性，锻炼自己理解世界的能力。我做这一切，也因为我珍视你们，珍视你们<br />的想法，而且我想，如果你们都能够清晰地思考、明智地行动的话，这个世界也会变得<br />更加美好。在以后的人生道路里，你们当中有的人会成为身居要位的领导，我希望你们<br />能够德才均备，因为无德无才的领导者所能带来的可怕灾难，我已经见过太多了。就算<br />不当领导，我也希望你们所有人都能在你们的生命中创造一些有价值的东西，无论你们<br />最后从事什么。而如果你欺骗的话，你是做不到这一点的。 <br /><br />When a student whom I am teaching steals words and ideas from an author <br />without acknowledgment, I feel cheated, dragged down into the mud.I ask <br />myself, why should I teach people who knowingly deceive me?Life is too <br />short for such things. There are better things to do. <br /><br />当我所教的学生从别人那里偷窃话语和思想的时候，我感到受了欺骗，心情沉重如同跋<br />涉泥沼。我会问自己，我为什么要给那些存心欺骗我的人上课呢？生命是如此的短暂，<br />太不值得。有比这好得多的事情可以做。<br /><br />Disturbingly, plagiarism fits into a larger pattern of behavior in <br />China.China ignores international intellectual property rights. Beida sees <br />nothing wrong in copying my textbook, for example, in complete violation of <br />international copyright agreements, causing me to lose income,stealing from <br />me quite directly. No one in China seems to care.I can buy DVDs in stores <br />and on the street for about one US dollar.They cost $20-30 outside China; <br />the artists who produced them are losing enormous amounts of stolen income, <br />billions of dollars each year.China has become notorious for producing <br />defective products that have to be recalled because the pose health threats <br />to consumers. A recent cartoon in an American newspaper shows the Central <br />Committee reacting to an accusation that they have violated human rights. <br />The response? "Wait until they see what we put in their toothpaste next!" <br />Corruption is a serious problem in a booming economy. For example, in the <br />mining industry, about 5000 miners die each year and mine owners cut <br />corners in violation of the law. The social fabric breaks when workers die <br />because owners are greedy. The Mandate of Heaven is lost. <br /><br />让人不安的是，剽窃已经成为整个中国行为模式的一部分。中国忽视国际知识产权。比<br />如说，复印我的书彻头彻尾违反了国际版权协议，使我损失了收入，对我而言近乎直接<br />的偷窃，然而北大人却对此安之若素。再比如，我只花大约一美元就能在街头和店铺买<br />到DVD光碟，这些碟片在别国要卖上二三十美元。创作它们的艺术家因此损失的大笔收入<br />全是被偷走的，每年几十亿。因为生产劣质商品对消费者造成潜在的健康威胁而不得不<br />召回，中国已经是臭名昭著了。最近美国报纸上刊载的一幅漫画描绘了中央委员会被指<br />责侵犯人权。猜他们怎么回答？"往他们牙膏里搁点东西，看他们还敢吭声不？"经济繁<br />荣的背后，腐败已经成为严重的问题。就拿矿业来说，每年大约有五千名矿工死去，就<br />因为矿主为了省事为了利润而不惜违反法律 。(译注：cut corners 指贬义的抄近道，<br />此为意译。) 矿主的贪婪导致工人死去，象征着社会阶层之间纽带的断裂。天道已丧。<br /> <br /><br />China appears to have lost her way. Confucius said, do not do to others <br />what you do not want them to do to you. He also said, a gentle man is <br />honest. Honesty and reciprocity are the basis of trust and community. We <br />cannot get along in a world filled with deceit and defection;such a world <br />becomes a Hobbesian war of all against all, nasty and brutal.We cannot do <br />science if we cannot trust what others publish. There is no reason to try <br />to replicate a result if it cannot be trusted. It would not be worth the <br />effort. Without replication there can be no shared knowledge that is tested <br />and trustworthy - that is, no science. Without science, there can be no <br />technology. And without technology, there can be no steady increase in <br />productivity, economic growth, and a better life for all. <br /><br />中国似乎已经迷失了她的道路。孔子说过，己所不欲勿施于人。他还说过，人而无信不<br />知其可。(直译是君子有信，不过一时想不起原话是怎么说的了。) 诚实互惠是信任与社<br />群的基础。在一个充满欺诈和背叛的社会中，我们无法生存，这样的世界成了霍布森(是<br />他吧？哲概的东西快忘干净了)式的"每个人与每个人为敌"的战争，险恶而野蛮。若是我<br />们不能相信别人发表的东西，我们就没法做科研。谁都没有理由去企图重复一个不可信<br />的结果，不值得费那功夫；而没有重复就不会有经过验证而可信靠、可共享的知识，也<br />就没有科学。没有科学就不会有技术，没有技术就不会有生产力的稳步发展，经济水平<br />的持续增长，也就不会给所有人都带来更美好的生活。 <br /><br />The penalties for plagiarism that you will encounter later in life are very <br />serious. If you do it as a graduate student, you can be expelled from <br />university, and you will not get your degree. If you do it as a faculty <br />member, you can lose your job. I know you may not believe that, for the <br />sociology professor at Beida who translated an entire book into Chinese and <br />published it with his name on it only lost his administrative positions but <br />kept his professorship and salary. But things are not like that <br />elsewhere.When plagiarism is detected in the United States, it can end the <br />career of the person who did it. That is also true in Europe.<br /><br />在你们今后的人生里，剽窃将会遇到极为严厉的惩罚。身为研究生如果剽窃，就会直接<br />开除，没有学位。身为教员如果剽窃，就会丢掉饭碗。我知道你们可能不信，因为北大<br />那位把整本书翻成中文就署上自己名字出版的社会学家 (这是谁啊...) 仅仅丢了行政职<br />务，却仍然保有教授之位和薪水。然而事情在别处并非如此。在美国如果发现有人剽窃<br />，此人的职业生涯可以就此毁于一旦。欧洲亦然。 <br /><br />The fact that I have encountered this much plagiarism at Beida tells me <br />something about the behavior of other professors and administrators <br />here.They must tolerate a lot of it, and when they detect it, they cover it <br />up without serious punishment, probably because they do not want to lose <br />face.If they did punish it, it would not be this frequent.<br /><br />我在北大遇见了如此之多的剽窃，这一事实说明了其它教授和行政官员的所作所为。他<br />们必然是对此颇为容忍，而当发现有人剽窃时，他们未加严厉惩罚就遮掩过去，很可能<br />是因为他们不愿丢脸。假如他们真的施以惩罚，剽窃决不会这么猖獗。<br /><br />I have greatly enjoyed teaching some of you. I have encountered young minds <br />here that are as good as any in the world. Many of you are brave, most of <br />you work very hard, most of you are honest, and some of you are <br />brilliant.But I am leaving with very mixed feelings. It is quite sad that <br />so many promising young Chinese think it is necessary to cheat to succeed. <br />They damage themselves even more than the people from whom they steal and <br />the people whom they deceive with stolen words. <br /><br />给你们当中一些人上课的时候，我感受到了极大的喜悦。我在这里遇到的年轻的头脑，<br />和世界上任何地方比起来都毫不逊色。你们当中许多人都很勇敢，大部分人都很努力，<br />大部分人都很诚实，有些人相当聪明。然而当我离去时，心情是复杂的。这么多前途无<br />量的中国年轻人认为要靠作弊才能成功，让我十分伤心。比起那些被他们窃走思想的人<br />，和那些被他们用窃来的的话语所欺骗的人，他们伤害得还要多的，是他们自己。<br /><br />Sincerely, Steve Stearns <br /></p> |
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